A new issue of this journal has just been published. To see abstracts of the papers it contains (with links through to the full papers) click here:
Selected papers from the latest issue:
High-sensitivity analysis of female-steroid hormones in environmental samples
05 February 2012, 23:05:20
Publication year: 2012
Source: TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Available online 3 February 2012
Helena Tomšíková, Jana Aufartová, Petr Solich, Lucie Nováková, Zoraida Sosa-Ferrera, ...
Steroid hormones are endocrine-disrupting compounds, which affect the endocrine system at very low concentrations, so interest in the sensitive determination of steroids in the environment has increased in recent years.In this review, we discuss in detail how to enhance the sensitivity of analytical procedures for the determination of female-steroid hormones (estrogens and progestogens) in environmental matrices. Our objective is to help the reader choose the best analytical tool for sensitive, selective and fast determination of estrogens and progestogens. A number of steps in the analytical procedure, starting with the sample pre-treatment and ending with detection, could significantly contribute to enhancing sensitivity, so they need to be thoroughly optimized.The best results in analysis of estrogens and progestogens have been achieved with liquid chromatography (LC), as separation method, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS), as detection method, but we also discuss analysis using gas chromatography coupled to MS. Sample preparation depends on the kind of sample. Its optimization is important in reducing matrix interferences and plays a significant role in enhancing sensitivity. Liquid samples were most frequently prepared with off-line solid-phase extraction, while solid samples were also extracted by liquid-liquid, pressurized-liquid, microwave and ultrasound techniques. In several studies, derivatization improved the sensitivity of LC-MS detection.
Source: TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Available online 3 February 2012
Helena Tomšíková, Jana Aufartová, Petr Solich, Lucie Nováková, Zoraida Sosa-Ferrera, ...
Steroid hormones are endocrine-disrupting compounds, which affect the endocrine system at very low concentrations, so interest in the sensitive determination of steroids in the environment has increased in recent years.In this review, we discuss in detail how to enhance the sensitivity of analytical procedures for the determination of female-steroid hormones (estrogens and progestogens) in environmental matrices. Our objective is to help the reader choose the best analytical tool for sensitive, selective and fast determination of estrogens and progestogens. A number of steps in the analytical procedure, starting with the sample pre-treatment and ending with detection, could significantly contribute to enhancing sensitivity, so they need to be thoroughly optimized.The best results in analysis of estrogens and progestogens have been achieved with liquid chromatography (LC), as separation method, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS), as detection method, but we also discuss analysis using gas chromatography coupled to MS. Sample preparation depends on the kind of sample. Its optimization is important in reducing matrix interferences and plays a significant role in enhancing sensitivity. Liquid samples were most frequently prepared with off-line solid-phase extraction, while solid samples were also extracted by liquid-liquid, pressurized-liquid, microwave and ultrasound techniques. In several studies, derivatization improved the sensitivity of LC-MS detection.
Highlights
► This review deals with high-sensitivity analysis of estrogen and progestin steroids. ► We discuss the most important techniques to analyze estrogen and progestin steroids. ► Focus is on sample preparation and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. ► Derivatization is a useful tool to enhance the sensitivity of steroid analysis.Model-population analysis and its applications in chemical and biological modeling
04 February 2012, 01:02:07
Publication year: 2012
Source: TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Available online 2 February 2012
Hong-Dong Li, Yi-Zeng Liang, Qing-Song Xu, Dong-Sheng Cao
Model-population analysis (MPA) was recently proposed as a general framework for designing new types of chemometrics and bioinformatics algorithms, and it has found promising applications in chemistry and biology. The goal of MPA is to extract useful information from complex analytical systems, so as to lead to better understanding and better modeling of chemical and biological data.To give an overall picture of MPA, we first review its key elements. Then, we describe the theories and the applications of selected methods that focus on the two fundamental aspects in chemical and biological modeling: outlier detection and variable selection. We highlight the key common principles of these methods and pinpoint the critical differences underlying each method.
Source: TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Available online 2 February 2012
Hong-Dong Li, Yi-Zeng Liang, Qing-Song Xu, Dong-Sheng Cao
Model-population analysis (MPA) was recently proposed as a general framework for designing new types of chemometrics and bioinformatics algorithms, and it has found promising applications in chemistry and biology. The goal of MPA is to extract useful information from complex analytical systems, so as to lead to better understanding and better modeling of chemical and biological data.To give an overall picture of MPA, we first review its key elements. Then, we describe the theories and the applications of selected methods that focus on the two fundamental aspects in chemical and biological modeling: outlier detection and variable selection. We highlight the key common principles of these methods and pinpoint the critical differences underlying each method.
Highlights
► Model-population analysis is a framework for chemometrics/bioinformatics algorithms. ► We address model-population analysis (MPA) approaches to outlier detection. ► Model-population analysis is used in variable selection/biomarker discovery.Ambient mass spectrometry forin vivolocal analysis andin situmolecular tissue imaging
04 February 2012, 01:02:07
Publication year: 2012
Source: TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Available online 2 February 2012
Peter Nemes, Akos Vertes
Recent technical innovations in mass spectrometry (MS) have extended the application of this powerful technique to direct chemical analysis at atmospheric pressure. These innovations have created an opportunity to appreciate the chemistry of biological systems in their native state, so tissues and single cells of plant, animal, or human origin can be interrogatedin situandin vivo.Ambient MS also allows label-free detection of compounds and gives unique insights into temporal changes and tissue architecture in two and three dimensions. Compounds studied range from natural products (e.g., neurotransmitters, metabolites, organic acids, polyamines, sugars, lipids, and peptides) to xenobiotics (e.g., pharmaceuticals, dyes, polymers, explosives, and toxins).This critical review covers analytical trends in ambient MS. Our discussions primarily touch on the mechanisms of sampling and the bioanalytical implications forin situandin vivoexperiments. We pay special attention to lateral imaging, depth profiling, and three-dimensional-MS imaging, all while working under atmospheric conditions. Our closing remarks highlight some of the present analytical challenges and developmental opportunities in this field.
Source: TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Available online 2 February 2012
Peter Nemes, Akos Vertes
Recent technical innovations in mass spectrometry (MS) have extended the application of this powerful technique to direct chemical analysis at atmospheric pressure. These innovations have created an opportunity to appreciate the chemistry of biological systems in their native state, so tissues and single cells of plant, animal, or human origin can be interrogatedin situandin vivo.Ambient MS also allows label-free detection of compounds and gives unique insights into temporal changes and tissue architecture in two and three dimensions. Compounds studied range from natural products (e.g., neurotransmitters, metabolites, organic acids, polyamines, sugars, lipids, and peptides) to xenobiotics (e.g., pharmaceuticals, dyes, polymers, explosives, and toxins).This critical review covers analytical trends in ambient MS. Our discussions primarily touch on the mechanisms of sampling and the bioanalytical implications forin situandin vivoexperiments. We pay special attention to lateral imaging, depth profiling, and three-dimensional-MS imaging, all while working under atmospheric conditions. Our closing remarks highlight some of the present analytical challenges and developmental opportunities in this field.
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